Magnet: Indigenous Women Resisting Colonialism and Patriarchy
$10.69
Magnet 4.33" x 5.59"
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
Quantity:
Magnet 4.33" x 5.59"
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
Magnet 4.33" x 5.59"
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
Mainstream US feminism highlights the work of white womxn leaving behind the matriarchal history of the original inhabitants of this land. Indigenous womxn get erased from feminist textbooks and receive very little recognition for their historical and modern day contributions. This design was made in honor of all the indigenous womxn who have and continue resisting colonialism and patriarchy since the colonization of "America."
Listed below is a little bit of the herstory of each womxn.
Bartolina Sisa (BOLIVIA): "Sisa shared with her husband Tupac Katari leadership of a huge indigenous uprising against the Spanish.(...) Bartolina Sisa was recognized by the rebels as the coequal of her husband; the two took command decisions together in consultation.(...)Her enemies refused Tupac Katari’s every blandishment to exchange her, and in time had the cruel pleasure of forcing her to watch her defeated husband’s butchery. Nearly a year later Sisa tasted a like fate, and her body was thereafter chopped up to display as a warning in various towns to cow potential future native insurgents.September 5 is International Indigenous Women’s Day, in honor of the torturous execution in Bolivia on this date in 1782 of the Aymara peasant rebel Bartolina Sisa." http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/09/05/1782-bartolina-sisa-indigenous-rebel/
Rigoberta Menchú (GUATEMALA): "was born on January 9, 1959 to a poor Indian peasant family and raised in the Quiche branch of the Mayan culture. In her early years she helped with the family farm work, either in the northern highlands where her family lived, or on the Pacific coast, where both adults and children went to pick coffee on the big plantations. (...) Over the years, Rigoberta Menchú has become widely known as a leading advocate of Indian rights and ethno-cultural reconciliation, not only in Guatemala but in the Western Hemisphere generally, and her work has earned her several international awards.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1992/tum-bio.html
Buffy Sainte Marie (CANADA): "Sainte-Marie was born to Cree Indian parents and adopted by a white family. Signed to Vanguard, she was one of the folk scene's more prominent rising stars in the '60s, and certainly the only widely heard performer articulating Native American viewpoints in song. Much of her best material from this era, however, gained its greatest commercial inroads via cover versions. "Universal Soldier" was one of Donovan's first hits. "Until It's Time for You to Go," perhaps her best composition, was covered by numerous pop singers, and became a big British hit for Elvis Presley in the early '70s. "Cod'ine," one of the few '60s songs to explicitly address the dangers of drugs, was covered by California rock bands Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans." http://www.allmusic.com/artist/buffy-sainte-marie-mn0000626268/biography
Toypurina (LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA): "In 1785 the 24-year-old medicine woman Toypurina led an Indian revolt at San Gabriel mission in southern California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and the "neophyte" Nicolas Jose, who was angry that the monks forbade the mission Indians to hold their native dances. A soldier who understood the language overheard people talking about the revolt, and the rebels were captured. The military governor of California ordered them flogged to prove "that the sorceries and incantations of the woman Toypurina are powerless in the face of the True Faith."
Toypurina told the Spanish military judges that she had instructed chief Tomasajaquichi to tell the mission Indians not to believe the friars. "I commanded him to do so, for I hate the padres and all of you, for trespassing on the land of my forefathers..." She was forced to convert and ended up marrying a soldier and dying." young.http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/toypurina.html
Comandante Ramona (Mexico:) "a Tzotzil female guerilla and activist, was born near San Andrés de Larrainzer, Mexico in 1959. She was closely associated with Mexico’s Subcomandante Marcos when he launched his Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, Mexico in 1994. Together they lead the guerilla group called the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN). The top level of leadership within the EZLN is the Clandestine Indigenous Revolutionary Committee (CCRI), which is responsible for organizing communities and regions. Comandante Ramona was among the members of the CCRI. Comandante Ramona led the rebels into the town of San Cristobal de las Casas on New Year’s Day 1994 demanding indigenous rights for the people of Chiapas while protesting the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect that day. The EZLN in their efforts called for land, jobs, housing, food, healthcare, justice, and democracy, while demanding that an end be put to the hundreds of years of exploitation and marginalization of indigenous peoples and peasants of Chiapas." http://almalopez.com/projects/ChicanasLatinas/ramonacomandante1.html
Art By: Amber Quinonez
https://www.etsy.com/shop/Ambhu
Concept By: Gloria Lucas
